119 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
119 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
# Disk management
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## Show filesystems
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```shell
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df -h
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```
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Example output:
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```shell
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Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
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udev 456M 0 456M 0% /dev
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tmpfs 97M 9.4M 87M 10% /run
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/dev/vda1 19G 2.6G 16G 15% /
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tmpfs 481M 0 481M 0% /dev/shm
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tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
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tmpfs 97M 0 97M 0% /run/user/1003
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```
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## List block devices
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```shell
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lsblk
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```
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Example output:
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```shell
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NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
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sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
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├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
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└─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
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├─vg0-root 253:0 0 15G 0 lvm /
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└─vg0-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
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```
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## Partition management (fdisk)
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```shell
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# Interactive partition tool
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fdisk /dev/sda
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# List partitions
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fdisk -l /dev/sda
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```
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## LVM management
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```shell
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# Physical volumes
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pvdisplay
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pvcreate /dev/sda2
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pvremove /dev/sda2
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# Volume groups
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vgdisplay
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vgcreate vg0 /dev/sda2
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vgextend vg0 /dev/sdb1
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vgreduce vg0 /dev/sdb1
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# Logical volumes
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lvdisplay
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lvcreate -L 10G -n lv_data vg0
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lvextend -L +5G /dev/vg0/lv_data
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lvreduce -L -2G /dev/vg0/lv_data
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lvremove /dev/vg0/lv_data
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# Resize filesystem after extending LV
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resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv_data # ext4
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xfs_growfs /mount/point # xfs
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```
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## Create filesystems
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```shell
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# ext4
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mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
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# xfs
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mkfs.xfs /dev/sda1
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# btrfs
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mkfs.btrfs /dev/sda1
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# With label
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mkfs.ext4 -L mydata /dev/sda1
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```
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## Disk usage
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```shell
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# Show inode usage
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df -i
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# List folders
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du -h -d 1 | sort -h
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# Find large files
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find / -type f -size +100M -exec ls -lh {} \;
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```
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## Mount operations
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```shell
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# Mount filesystem
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mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
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# Unmount
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umount /mnt
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# Show all mounts
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mount | column -t
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# Persistent mounts (add to /etc/fstab)
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/dev/vg0/lv_data /data ext4 defaults 0 2
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UUID=xxx /data ext4 defaults 0 2
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```
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